Worksheet »

1. S= specific, M= measurable, A= attainable, R= realistic, T= time achievable

2. Non-functional requirements are those requirements not directly concerned with the specific functions of the proposed system, such as how the system is to operate, what constraints it must operate within.

3. Emergent requirement (one which arises because a change in the user's view of their needs- sometimes as a result of the use of a new system).

4. Political risk

5. (i) Locality of view- users only see a system from their point of view- what is their priority or experience, may not be somebody else's; (ii) Inconsistency of view- this means that either two users may use and appreciate in different ways which are apparently different (e.g. a car driver and a car passenger will have different experiences) or it can mean that the same person has different and conflicting views about a system (e.g. they think a system is very helpful, but the reality is that they don't actually use the system); (iii) Memory- people forget things and over time, experiences can become exaggerated; (iv) Incompleteness- there is no way for an analyst to know whether all facts have been collected, since no one person has a complete view of the system; (v) Perceived threat- some people may not be forthcoming in describing a system or their problems because they fear that a new system may replace them or significantly affect them in an adverse manner.

6. Stakeholders: (i) passengers (ii) ticket office staff;  Events: (i) user indicating ticket zone required (ii) user indicating method of payment; Objects: any two of the following- station, zone, fare, ticket, payment.

7. A process is started by an event; A process may change one or more objects; A constraint limits the actions performed by a process.

8. A problem is something which hinders or prevents a user or stakeholder achieving a particular goal.  A problem can then be used to generate a requirement, which is something which if successfully implemented can prevent the problem occurring or reduce its impact.  For example, a problem might be a shop running out of stock.  The requirement would be to reorder stock whenever the quantity in stock drops below a particular point.

9. Answer 4 is correct: the key issue is the generation of ideas and issues.  Whilst those ideas should not be validated and agreed as part of the brainstorming process, it is necessary to do this at a later date.